Jurnal Mangifera Edu

Development of test instruments to assess High School Students' critical thinking on the digestive system

Zaenal Abidin, Aghniyah Mawaddah Mahar Azizi Soewondo — Tue, 22 Jul 2025 03:12:38 +0000

Critical thinking is one of the vital 21st-century skills, but many Indonesian students still show low proficiency in this area. To address this gap, it is essential to develop valid and reliable assessment instruments, particularly in science subjects like biology. This study aimed to develop and validate a test instrument to measure high school students' critical thinking skills on the topic of the digestive system. The research followed the ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate) and involved 74 eleventh-grade students. The instrument consisted of 30 multiple-choice items based on six critical thinking indicators by Facione: interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. Validity and reliability were analyzed using the Rasch model with QUEST software. All items were found to be valid and fit the Rasch model, indicating strong construct validity. The item reliability was categorized as excellent (0.93), while student answer consistency was low (0.59), suggesting limited accuracy or care in responses. Most items (70%) were of moderate difficulty. The students' average critical thinking score was 47.25%, with self-regulation being the strongest indicator (63.51%) and analysis and inference being the weakest (35.13% and 38.64%). These results indicate that, although the instrument is effective in measuring critical thinking, students still encounter challenges, particularly in analytical reasoning. Enhancing learning strategies and assessment tools is crucial for improving students’ cognitive development in science education.

The cells at work animation improves students' analytical skills in learning the circulatory system

Femi Syadella, Intan Ahmad, Ida Yayu Nurul Hizqiyah, Gurnita — Tue, 22 Jul 2025 03:19:38 +0000

Analytical skills are one of the essential skills that high school students must possess and are listed in the curriculum. Analytical skills are included in category C4 in Bloom's taxonomy. However, many students still lack this ability. This is influenced by several factors, one of which is the type of learning media. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Cells at Work animation as a learning medium for biology, with a focus on the material related to the circulatory system. The method used is a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test-post-test model, conducted on class XI- MIPA 5 students at SMA Pasundan 2, Bandung. The results of the study showed that this animation media makes it easier for students to understand the material due to its attractive visual and audio displays. This can be seen from the increase in the average student score, namely from 56 at the pre-test to 83 at the post-test, with the percentage of mastery of all indicators reaching 83%. Thus, the Cells at Work animation is effective for use as a learning medium in biology, especially for material related to the circulatory system. This study provides empirical evidence that animated media with contextual content, such as Cells at Work, can significantly enhance analytical thinking skills in science learning, particularly for complex topics like the circulatory system.

Analysis of the growth and yield of Microgreens of the Brassica sp. family on the effect of limitied irradiation

Audina Meiliansya, Yayu Sri Rahayu, Nurcahyo Widyodaru Saputro — Tue, 22 Jul 2025 03:24:57 +0000

Microgreens are a key concept in urban farming due to their ability to be grown easily, affordably, and efficiently in limited urban space. This study aims to determine the growth and yield of microgreens from the Brassica sp. family, which is cultivated under limited lighting conditions. This research was conducted from February to March 2025 at the laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Singaperbangsa University, Karawang. This study employed an experimental method using a Split-Plot design within a Group Randomized Design framework, consisting of a main plot and a subplot. The main consisted of six levels of limited light exposure: indoor control, outdoor control, lighting at 60%, lighting at 50%, lighting at 40%, and lighting at 30%. The subplots were divided into three plant types: cauliflower, radish, and broccoli. Each treatment was repeated twice, resulting in a total of 36 experimental units. The effects of the treatment were analyzed using a variety of F-tests at the 5% significance level. When a significant interaction was detected, further analysis was conducted using the DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). The experimental results indicated a significant interaction between limited light exposure and plant type on the observed parameters of growth uniformity and plant height at 7 days after planting (DAP). The combination of lighting at 50% with broccoli plants provides the highest growth coherence value of 88%. In contrast, the highest value at 7 days after planting, measuring 6.55 cm, was observed in the lighting at 30% combined with broccoli plants.

Blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic white rats administered various preparations of bay leaves

Siti Zaenab, N. Nurwidodo — Tue, 22 Jul 2025 03:30:45 +0000

Elevated blood glucose levels, known as Hyperglycemia, are a key feature of diabetes mellitus (DM), which remains a primary global health challenge. The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes and the side effects of synthetic drugs have led to interest in natural alternatives. Bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum), commonly used in Indonesian cuisine, contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids that may have antidiabetic properties. This study examined the effect of bay leaves preparations—decoction, tea, and filtrate—on blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic white rats and identified the most effective form. A proper experimental design involved 25 male rats, divided into five groups: a negative control, a positive control (alloxan only), and three treatment groups (decoction, tea, and filtrate). Hyperglycemia was induced using alloxan (150 mg/kg BW), and treatments were given orally twice daily for 30 days. Blood glucose levels were measured before and after treatment using a GlucoDr glucometer. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the LSD test (α = 0.05). Significant differences were observed among groups (Fhit = 16.61 > Ftab = 2.87). The decoction group had the most considerable glucose reduction (112.4 mg/dL), closely followed by the negative control (118 mg/dL), while the tea and filtrate groups showed lesser effects. Decoction proved most effective, likely due to better compound extraction. These findings highlight the potential of bay leaves decoction as a natural remedy for hyperglycemia, warranting further clinical research.

Analysis of students' ecoliteracy at Adiwiyata school in Padang City

Thu, 24 Jul 2025 00:54:09 +0000

The implementation of the Adiwiyata program is expected to enhance students' awareness and understanding of environmental issues, fostering a strong sense of ecoliteracy. However, based on the facts in the field, the existence of the Adiwiyata program has not been able to guarantee an increase in environmental awareness among students. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Adiwiyata program in fostering and developing student ecoliteracy. This study is a descriptive research employing quantitative methods, aimed at objectively describing and analyzing existing phenomena or conditions related to the implementation of the Adiwiyata program and its impact on student ecoliteracy. In collecting data, researchers used a questionnaire completed directly by junior high school students participating in the Adiwiyata program, involving 101 students from six schools. The data collected from respondents were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. This study shows that students in Adiwiyata schools show a level of ecoliteracy in the sufficient category. This is due to various factors, one of which is that the implementation of the Adiwiyata program in junior high schools in Padang City is still relatively voluntary and independent. Support from all stakeholders, including the education office and local communities, is necessary to ensure that the Adiwiyata program is not only symbolic but also truly creates a sustainable ecoliteracy transformation.

Teaching techniques for genes, DNA, and chromosomes: An inventory of 12th-grade high school practice in Pontianak

Khusnun Nisa Muftifah, Wolly Candramila, Anisyah Yuniarti — Thu, 24 Jul 2025 01:05:16 +0000

Genetic concepts are complex and often lead to student misconceptions due to difficult textbooks and ineffective teaching strategies. Widespread misunderstandings highlight the need for effective instructional techniques to enhance comprehension. This study examine the teaching techniques employed by Biology teachers in 20 high schools in Pontianak City to evaluate their implementation, strengths, and limitations in genetics instruction. This study used a qualitative survey approach to examine teaching techniques for genes, DNA, and chromosomes in 12th-grade classes across 20 high schools in Pontianak City. Data were collected through validated questionnaires and observation sheets, focusing on learning activities, instructional approaches, and challenges faced by teachers. Responses were summarized in tables, analyzed descriptively, and presented to highlight technique variations, selection criteria, and implementation. A total of 20 teaching techniques were identified, with most schools using a combination of 2 to 5 methods, while only three schools applied a single technique, and discussion was the most frequently integrated approach. Teaching techniques for Genes, DNA, and Chromosomes in Pontianak high schools vary, with most teachers combining multiple methods to enhance understanding, interaction, and engagement. The selection and combination of techniques are influenced by student needs, classroom conditions, and learning objectives, highlighting the importance of a balanced approach between student-centered, teacher-led, and objective-driven strategies.

The relationship between learning independence, motivation, science literacy skills, and learning outcomes of public high school students in North Kolaka Regency

Marwidayanti, Firdaus Daud, Andi Mu'nisa — Thu, 24 Jul 2025 01:15:09 +0000

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between learning independence, learning motivation, science literacy skills, and the learning outcomes of students in grade XI at Public High School in North Kolaka Regency. This type of research is quantitative, employing an ex-post facto correlational approach. Data acquisition using non-test instruments, such as questionnaires, to assess learning independence and motivation. Administer test instruments, including essays and multiple-choice questions, on digestive system material to assess science literacy skills and learning outcomes. Descriptive statistical data analysis, and inferential statistical data analysis in the form of prerequisite tests (normality test, linearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and Multicolinerity test), hypothesis testing (simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis). The value of the correlation coefficient (R) for students is 0.848, with an R-squared value or coefficient of determination of 0.719, and a significant level of 0.000. There is a positive and significant relationship between learning independence, learning motivation, and science literacy with students' learning outcomes on digestive system material at North Kolaka Regency SMAN. These three factors together contribute 71.9% to learning outcomes. Based on the correlation coefficient value, it is known that the relationship between learning independence, motivation, and science literacy skills is in the "strong" category based on the correlation coefficient guideline, the value of R Variable learning independence, learning motivation, science literacy skills predict learning outcomes on the digestive system material is significant between learning independence, learning motivation, science literacy skills with student learning outcomes.

Trend of genetics learning media research: A bibliometric analysis (1968-2024)

Bekti Isnaeni, Paidi, Mualimin, Paramita Cahyaningrum Kuswandi — Fri, 25 Jul 2025 14:03:44 +0000

The use of learning media difficulty in comprehending complex material, the inability to effectively visualize microscopic objects that require specialized teaching aids or interactive media. This descriptive qualitative research, employing a bibliometric approach, aims to analyze research trends on learning media in genetics from 1964 to 2024. The analysis focuses on the volume and distribution of publications, the contributing countries, and the institutional affiliations, as well as key journals in the field. The research subject is learning media in genetics courses. Data collected through the Scopus website, using the keywords “genetic,” “learning,” and “media,” yielded 1,135 results, which were analyzed using R and Biblioshiny software. The trend in research on genetics learning media has increased year by year, with a sharp increase from 2017 to 2023. This result indicating that the research trend reached its peak in that year. The USA and China are the countries that contribute the most to publishing articles, suggesting potential for collaboration with various countries. The most active affiliation, with a total of 72 articles, is the University of California. The journal that contributes the most to genetics learning media is the Journal of Behavior Genetics. This research can serve as a reference for future researchers interested in studying genetics learning media, with the recommendation to combine multiple applications, such as Biblioshiny with Vosviewer, to ensure more precise and more valid findings. Additionally, using more specific keywords, such as e-modules, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), or game-based learning, is advised.